DB43/T2606—2023 43 湖南省地方标准 ICS CCS 67.080.20 B 31 发 布 湖南省市场监督管理局2023-0 4发布-10 2023-07实施-10茄果类蔬菜露地绿色栽培技术规程 Technical regulation for green cultivation of Solanaceous vegetables in open-field DB43/T2606—2023 I目 次 前言·························································································································Ⅲ 1范围······················································································································1 2规范性引用文件·······································································································1 3术语和定义·············································································································1 4产地环境················································································································1 5品种选择与育苗·······································································································2 6整地施肥················································································································2 7定植······················································································································3 8田间管理················································································································3 9病虫草害防治··········································································································3 10采收·····················································································································3 11采后土壤培肥·········································································································3 12生产档案···············································································································4 附录A（规范性）茄果类蔬菜常见病虫害生物防治方法······················································5 附录B（规范性）生产档案··························································································6 DB43/T2606—2023 II DB43/T2606—2023 III前言 本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规 定起草。 请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。 本文件由湖南省农业农村厅提出。 本文件由湖南省农业标准化技术委员会归口。 本文件起草单位：湖南省农业生态环境研究所、湖南省植物保护研究所、湖南莱切诺生物科技有限 公司、湖南省核农学与航天育种研究所、汉寿县农业农村局、湖南邦博农业科技有限公司、汉寿县辰阳 街道办农业综合服务中心、永鑫蔬菜种植专业合作社、湖南银鸿农业发展有限公司。 本文件主要起草人：崔新卫、成飞雪、鲁耀雄、高鹏、彭福元、谭晖、龙世平、卢红玲、黄庆、刘 龙飞、熊红英、何勇进、蒋双辉。 DB43/T2606—2023 IV DB43/T2606—2023 1茄果类蔬菜露地绿色栽培技术规程 1范围 本文件规定了茄果类蔬菜露地绿色栽培的产地环境、品种选择与育苗、整地施肥、定植、田间管理、 病虫草害防治、采收、采后土壤培肥及生产档案等要求。 本文件适用于茄果类蔬菜露地绿色栽培。 2规范性引用文件 下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件， 仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本 文件。 NY/T391绿色食品产地环境质量 NY/T393绿色食品农药使用准则 NY/T394绿色食品肥料使用准则 NY/T525有机肥料 NY/T655绿色食品茄果类蔬菜 NY/T658绿色食品包装通用准则 NY/T1056绿色食品贮藏运输准则 NY/T2118蔬菜育苗基质 NY/T3442畜禽粪便堆肥技术规范 3术语和定义 下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 茄果类蔬菜Solanaceousvegetables 依据NY/T655规定，同时参照蔬菜的农业生物学分类，茄果类蔬菜主要是指茄子、番茄、辣椒三 种。 3.2 露地绿色栽培Greencultivationinopen-field 依据NY/T391的规定，选择生态条件良好的产地，按照绿色食品农事操作规范进行，并实行全程 质量控制，所收获的产品符合绿色食品要求的一种露地种植方式。 4产地环境 产地环境应符合NY/T391的规定。选择生态环境优良、地势高燥、排灌方便的地块。 DB43/T2606—2023 25品种选择与育苗 5.1品种选择 选择抗病抗逆性强、产量高、耐贮运、商品性好的茄果类蔬菜品种，按照品种特性、熟期进行科学 合理布局。 5.2种子消毒 选用适宜茄果类蔬菜的种子消毒剂，按照产品说明书进行种子消毒，消毒后清水洗净。 5.3浸种催芽 将种子放入50℃～60℃温水中搅拌浸种10min，搅拌至水温30℃，继续浸泡4h～6h。捞出后 用清水洗净，沥干水分装入湿布袋或用纱布包好，置于28℃～30℃处催芽，70％种子露白即可播种。 带种衣剂的种子无需消毒和浸种催芽，可直接播种。 5.4播种育苗 平整苗床，备好基质，基质应符合NY/T2118的规定。将装好基质的穴盘平整摆放在苗床上，浇足 底水后，再将已经露白的种子点播到穴盘中，随后用基质覆盖种子，厚度0.5cm为宜，弓上小拱棚。 5.5苗期管理 5.5.1水肥管理 出苗前保持土壤湿润，出苗后适量补水。苗期出现叶片瘦小、叶色淡黄等缺素症状时，可结合喷水 喷施育苗专用叶面肥或0.1％浓度的磷酸二氢钾1～3次。 5.5.2温度管理 苗床温度白天控制在22℃～28℃，夜间18℃～22℃。冬春低温季节，苗床需加铺电热线增温。 5.5.3通风管理 晴天中午，打开拱棚两端覆膜，保持苗床空气通畅。 6整地施肥 6.1地块选择 选择土层深厚、肥沃、排水良好的沙壤土，前作未种过茄科作物，以水旱轮作为最佳。 6.2深耕晒坯 选晴天清除前茬残体和杂物。每亩施生石灰80kg～120kg（氧化钙含量70％以上），深翻晒垡5d 以上，疏松土壤。 6.3施基肥 肥料使用应符合NY/T394、NY/T525和NY/T3442的规定。每亩基施充分腐熟的堆肥3000kg～ DB43/T2606—2023 34000kg，或有机肥料300kg～600kg，再加腐熟饼肥50kg～70kg，含硫三元复合肥10kg～15kg。 6.4开沟起垄 施基肥后翻耕起垄，垄宽1.2m～1.5m，垄长因地制宜，垄面覆银灰色地膜。垄间开沟，沟深不 少于40cm，沟宽50cm。 7定植 依据蔬菜种类确定株、行距，用打孔器打好定植孔，将幼苗放入定植孔，覆土填满空隙，并浇足定 根水。之后，将无病虫为害及病原菌侵染秸秆覆盖在穴蔸周围。 8田间管理 幼果开始迅速膨大时追肥1次，优先考虑采用发酵饼肥（15kg/亩～18kg/亩），或施高氮高钾型 水溶性肥料3kg/亩～6kg/亩。中后期可叶面喷施0.2％磷