1 ICS 65.020.01 CCS B00/09 备案号：CA ICC-01-2020 中华全国工商业联合会农业产业商会标 准 NY/T-01-2020 环境友好型四良工作法 ——苹果 Four better practice of environmental friendly agricultural production – apple 2020-12-31发布 2021 -04-01实施 中华全国工商业联合会农业产业商会 发布 全国团体标准信息平台 2 目录 前 言................................ ................................ ............... 4 引 言................................ ................................ ............... 5 1 范围................................ ................................ ............... 6 2 规范性引用文件 ................................ ................................ ..... 6 3 术语和定义 ................................ ................................ ......... 6 4 产地环境 ................................ ................................ ........... 7 4.1总体要求 ................................ ........................... 7 4.2空气................................ ............................... 7 4.3土壤................................ ............................... 7 4.4灌溉水................................ ............................. 7 5 建园................................ ................................ ............... 8 5.1园地规划 ................................ ........................... 8 5.2土地准备 ................................ ........................... 8 5.3 果园基础设施配置 ................................ ................... 8 6 养地................................ ................................ ............... 8 6.1本底调查 ................................ ........................... 8 6.2养地方法 ................................ ........................... 8 7 苗木栽植 ................................ ................................ ........... 9 7.1品种及苗木选择 ................................ ..................... 9 7.2栽植密度 ................................ ........................... 9 8 田间管理 ................................ ................................ .......... 10 8.1间作 ................................ .............................. 10 8.2果园生草 ................................ .......................... 10 8.3水分管理 ................................ .......................... 11 8.4土壤管理 ................................ .......................... 11 8.5施肥管理 ................................ .......................... 11 8.6病虫害防治 ................................ ........................ 12 8.7草害防治 ................................ .......................... 13 9 修剪整形 ................................ ................................ .......... 14 9.1修剪方法 ................................ .......................... 14 9.2主要树形及结构 ................................ .................... 14 全国团体标准信息平台 3 10 花果管理 ................................ ................................ ......... 15 10.1人工授粉 ................................ ......................... 15 10.2放蜂授粉 ................................ ......................... 16 10.3疏花疏果 ................................ ......................... 16 10.4果实套袋 ................................ ......................... 16 10.5着色 ................................ ............................. 17 11 采收 ................................ ................................ ............. 17 11.1采收时期 ................................ ......................... 17 11.2采收方法 ................................ ......................... 17 12 果品收购标准 ................................ ................................ ..... 18 12.1收购基地要求 ................................ ..................... 18 12.2收购标准 ................................ ......................... 18 13 包装 ................................ ................................ ............. 19 13.1包装容器的选择 ................................ ................... 19 13.2装果 ................................ ............................. 19 14 储存与运输 ....................